Method for making sanctuary



Sept. 13, 1938.

D. o.. c. DECKERT Re. 20,854

METHOD FOR MAKING SANCTUARY CANDLES 2 sheetssheef i Original Filed Dec. 18, 19756 Sept 13 1938- D. o. c. DECKERT Re. 20,854

v METHOD FOR MAKING SANCTUARY CANDLES l Original Filed Dec. 18, 1936 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE METHOD Fon MAKING SANCTUARY CANDLES Danvers o. c. Decken, University city, Mo.

Original No. 2,103,237, dated December 28, 1937,

Serial No. 116,475, December 18, 1936. Ap- ]lmgza'ziion for reissue March 12, 1938, Serial No.

3 Claims. (Cl. 18-58) 'Ihe invention relates to sanctuary candles. candle wax; any wax of low melting point obtain- An object of this invention is to provide a long able on the market as such being suitable. burning sanctuary candle which will have a flame The candle is provided with a wick 3 extending of uniform intensity so constructed and arranged vertically and centrally disposed through the fuel that the entire fuel body will be consumed. body. 5

Heretofore sanctuary candles have been cast in In burning the candle a cap 4 is used; this containers but they have been arranged so that cap having an annulus 5 which may be substana Well is sometimes formed in the fuel body tially of the same diameter as the outer diameter around the wick during the burning of the candle, of the casing 2 and, whose central opening 6 forms and after a well is so formed upon a sudden rise a ue for the exit of gases ofccmbustion and the l0 of temperature the sides of the well collapse heated air within the casing. The annulus 5 causing the melted fuel at the center to rise and carries a series (four in number as actually shown extinguish the flame. on the drawings) of downwardly extending lugs Another object of the invention is to provide 'I having notches 8, each of which presents a l5 means whereby a sanctuary candle may successhorizontal edge to contact and rest upon the top l5 fully use a fuel stock of low melting point. edge of the walls of the container 2, and a ver- Another object of the invention is to provide tical edge which contacts the inner surface of the a method and apparatus for forming a cone or casing. Thus the cap is held in place and the mound at the top of a fuel body of a candle when annulus is spaced above the top of the container, cast in a transparent casing. to provide a substantially uniform opening 9 l2f) Other advantages not. mentioned are inherentthrough which currents of fresh air may pass in the invention, some of which will be obvious into the candle casing to support combustion. from the following detail description taken in The fuel body has a cone or mound I0 at its connection with the accompanying drawings. top, which as specifically shown in the drawings Fig. 1 iS 9 DGISPCiiVB View 0f a Candle embodycomprises a series of cylinders or cones of lessen- 25 ing the invention and made in accordance thereing diameter superimposed upon each other, the

with; process in the formation of which will be described Fig. 2 is a sectional view showing the candle; in detail later in this specification. Fig. 3 is a view of apparatus used in manufac- A simple apparatus or frame for casting the turing the candle; candle is shown in Fig. 3. A base II serves as 30 Fig. 4 is a vertical section through the center of a support for containers 2 Awhile a framework a mold member; I2 carries clips I3 adapted to engage core rods Fig. 5 is a sectional view of the candle at one or wires I4, sometimes referred to as dummy Step Of its manufatlle; Wic The bottom of the rod I4 is placed in Fig. 6 is a. sectional view similar to Fig. 5 at a, plate or spacer I5 which may be of wood or, 35 another step in` the manufacture; and as specifically shown in the drawings, of sheet Figs. '7, 8 and 9 illustrate successive steps remetal, convex in form and having a hole cen- SpeCtiVeiy in molding the Candle Within a Casing trally therethrough and upwardly extending 1inhaving a restricted mouth. gers I6. It will be understood that after the fuel 40 A candle made in accordance with this invenbody is cast the rod I4 is withdrawn and a true 40 tion includes a fuel body I enclosed with a caswick, stiffened in any acceptable manner already ing 2. The casing is a wide mouthed container known in the art, will be inserted through the having integrally abottom and a cylindrical wall. hole in the wax left by the withdrawal of the The Casting need 110i' be1 a true cylinder. It may rod or wire. The apparatus illustrated in Fig. 3

be such as shown in. embodiment in Figs. 1 and 2, is shown as adapted to accommodate three con- 45 0I' it may be Substantially modified by having intainers, but it will be understood this small num clined walls and .a restricted mouth as shown in ber is merely Shown as a matter of convenience, Figs. '7, 8 and 9. It will be understood, therefore, and that in actual practice such a device will that the word cylindrical, as used herein, does not accommodate many times this number for econnecessarily mean a true cylinder but refers to a omy in manufacture. After the containers with 50 construction having functions and structure like the core rods I4 are in place, as shown in Fig. 3,

a cylinder. molten candle wax is poured into the container The casing is preferably of clear glass although to a. point approximately as indicated by the obviously a synthetic organic plastic could be numeral I1 on Fig. 5. 'Ihe wax is then allowed used successfully. The fuel body maybeordinary to cool and in cooling will shrink forming a 55 cavity as shown by the line I8 in Fig. 5. A moldV member I 9 is then inserted in the top of the casing 2, as shown in Fig. 6. This mold member comprises a circular body 20 having a central orifice 2| through which the second pouring of Wax may be made. The inner surface of the body 20 has a conical cavity 22 which, as specically shown, comprises a series of cylindrical or conical sections decreasing in diameter. The upper surface of the mold member has a cavity 23 providing a sprue about the orifice 2|. A circumferential flange 24 abo-ut the body 20 is such that when the body portion sits inside the top of the casing 2 the circumferential flange 24 extends outwardly beyond the edge of the casing and provides means for handling-the mold member. V

'I'he line I1 is so fixed that the bottom edge of the body 20 will contact the surface of the wax when the mold member is inserted. 'Ihe cavity to'be filled is bounded on its upper side by the wall of the conical cavity 22.

A `secon-d pouring of molten wax is made through the orice 2| so that the wax projects upwardly and fills the inner cavity 22 of the mold member as well as the orifice 2| and preferably, to allow for the shrinkage, the top cavity or sprue 23 in the mold member. After the second pouring has been allowed to harden the wax is scraped out of the cavity 23 by an instrument such as a putty knife, and the mold member I9 is lifted from the casing. Because of the uncertainties in the manufacture of glass containers the diameter of the body portion 20 must be made slightly smaller than the usual inner diameter of the castings, to provide for ready insertion and removal, and to provide for tolerances in glass manufacture.

While but two pourings have been illustrated and described, ordinarily depending upon the size and proportions of the casing, an intermediate pouring is required or is desirable before the mold member is inserted. This is illustrated and described specifically in connection with Figs. 7, 8 and 9.

It will be understood that during the first and second pouring of wax the core rod |4 will be in place, as shown in Fig. 3. The clips I3 are so arranged that after the wax has been hardened subsequent to the first pouring the core rod may be removed from the clip I3 and the core member I9 will be placed in position by passing the rod through the orifice 2|.

After the wax has hardened subsequent to the second pouring the core rod I4 is withdrawn. A hook 25 is formed in the upper end of the rod I4 to facilitate its manipulation. The wick 3, which is of stiff material, is inserted into the candle through the hole made by the removal of the core rod I4 and the candle thus is completed.

It has been pointed out that the wax is not lled to the very top of the casing, but to a line I1, as heretofore mentioned and as shown in Fig. 5. It is recommended that this be be tween three-fourths to one inch from the top. In extreme hot weather the wax body will expand and unless this space is left the wax will expand over the top of the casing wall.

The cone or mound Ill at the top of the wax body has been described in detail. The purpose of this cone is to prevent a Well forming in the fuel body, leaving above the wick upwardly extending walls, which by suddenly melting or caving may extinguish the flame. With the mound or cone Ill a reduced fuel body is provided when the candle is lighted and until it is uniformly heated. After the burning has progressed to a considerable extent the entire top of the fuel body will become liquid so that the formation of a well and the accidental extinguishing of the ame is prevented.

The arrangement of the cap 4 with a central flue and a substantially uniform opening about the top of the casing is such as to provide a ickerless and sootless flame and one which is uniform throughout the burning. The outside air to support combustion will enter through the space 9 between the annulus 5 and the top of the casing and flow downwardly in the form of a cylinder toward the flame, while the gases of combustion and the heated air will flow upwardly at the center and outwardly through the ue or central orifice 6 in the cap.

Figs. 7, 8 and 9 illustrate an embodiment of the invention in a container having a restricted mouth. These gures also illustrate an intermediate pouring between the initial pouring and the final one. In this case the container 2 has a restricted mouth 30. Molten wax is poured into the container to a line I1 and upon cooling a cavity I8 will be left. 'I'he line must be substantially below the mouth of the container in order to allow expansion of the fuel body in hot weather. After the initial mass of wax has been cooled, wax is again poured into the container to the line I1 and shrinkage will leave a cavity indicated by the numeral 3|, Fig. 8. A mold piece 32 is then inserted in the neck of the container until the bottom contacts the top of the body of wax.

The mold piece 32 is similar to the mold piece I9 except that it is more elongated in form. It has a central orifice 2|, a bottom cavity 22 and a top cavity or sprue 23.

It has been found that a candle in combination with the cap, as herein described, provides a long burning device with a flame of constant luminosity which will not be accidentally extinguished under any ordinary conditions. A ickerless and sootless flame is produced with a minimum or practically no re hazard. 'I'he method and mold piece provide efficiently for the manufacture of the device.

Various changes may be made in the details of construction, Within the scope of the appended claims, without departing from the scope of this invention, while parts of the invention may be used to advantage without the whole.

I claim:

1. The method of making a candle having a permanent casing comprising, owing molten material into the casing about a central core, allowing said material to harden against the walls of the casing, placing a mold piece within the top of the casing and around the core, and flowing molten material against the top of the hardened material through a central cavity in the mold piece and about the central core to illl such cavity and form a mound on the mate- `mi body.

2. The method of making a candle having a permanent casing comprising, flowing molten material into the casing, allowing said material to harden against the Walls of the casing, placing a mold piece within the top of the casing, and flowing molten material through a central cavity in the mold piecev into a space between the top of the hardened material and the underside of v the mold piece and lling said cavity to mound.

form a 3. The method of making a candle having a permanent casing comprising, owing molten material into the' casing, allowing said material to harden against the walls of the casing, leaving through shrinkage a central cavity, iiowing additional molten material into said cavity, allowing said second owing to harden, placing a mold piece within the top of the casing, and flowing molten material against the top of the hardened material through a central cavity in the mold piece to fill said cavity and form a mound on the material body.

DANVERS O. C. DECKERT. 

